How to fix the Oracle error ORA-16196: database has been previously opened and closed?

In this post, you’ll learn more about the Oracle ErrorORA-16196: database has been previously opened and closed with the details on why you receive this error and the possible solution to fix it.

Oracle Error Description

ORA-16196: database has been previously opened and closed

Reason for the Error ORA-16196: database has been previously opened and closed

The instance has already opened and closed the database, which is allowed only once in its lifetime.

How to fix the Error ORA-16196: database has been previously opened and closed ?

You can fix this error in Oracle by following the below steps

Shut down the instance.